Details (by Institution)
The sine qua non for inclusion in this list is motorized control of
vergence on a binocular camera platform. Variations on this assumption and
additional degrees of freedom are listed in the Special Features
entry. Manufacturers' addresses and other information may be found in the
appropriate Reference Material sections (where available).

-
Aalborg
University [Denmark]
- Lenses: Ernitec
- Cameras:
- Calibration:
- Software: OS/9
- Vision Hardware:
- Position Controllers: Philips PG3637 stepper controller board
(cameras, neck); PEP Intelligent I/O Channel (lenses);
Motorola MVME 147 central processor
- Commercial System:
- Special Features: head pan and tilt; motorized
focus, aperture, and zoom
-
Academia Sinica [Taiwan]
- Lenses: Fujinon-TV 1:1.4/25
- Cameras: Panasonic GP-MF502
- Calibration: Shih et al. (1995)
- Software:
- Vision Hardware:
- Position Controllers:
- Commercial System:
- Special Features: head pan and tilt; motorized focus; equipped
with a rotatable laser line projector for surface
reconstruction; calibrated with high accuracy for camera and
kinematic parameters
-
École
Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) [Switzerland]
- Lenses: Marshall V-4301, 2.1mm, f2.0
- Cameras: Marshall V-1210, B&W 1/3" board-mounted CCD
- Calibration:
- Software:
- Vision Hardware: Motorola PowerPC 403 GCX board
- Position Controllers: Motorola M68336 microcontroller
- Commercial System:
- Special Features: head pan and tilt; camera pan, tilt, and
cyclotorsion
-
Electrotechnical Laboratory,
AIST, MITI [Japan]
- Lenses: ETL/RWC foveated wide angle lens (custom designed)
- Cameras: Toshiba IK-UM40
- Calibration: Berthouze et al. (1996)
- Software: DataCube ImageFlow and C/C++
- Vision Hardware: DataCube MaxVideo250, DigiColor, Max860,
mmNMAC3, MaxBolt/SkyBolt, DSIR KIWIVision
- Position Controllers: INMOS T805 (dual) based PWM DC-Servo
controller (custom designed)
- Commercial System:
- Special Features: head pan and tilt; motorized focus; foveated
wide angle lenses
-
Harvard University [USA]
- Lenses: Canon
- Cameras:
- Calibration:
- Software:
- Vision Hardware: Datacube
- Position Controllers: Dynamation
- Commercial System:
- Special Features: custom 3 dof control of position - head
pan and tilt with symmetric vergence; motorized control
of focus and aperture through reverse engineering of the lens
assembly
-
Institute of Computer
Science - FORTH [Greece]
- Lenses:
- Cameras:
- Calibration:
- Software:
- Vision Hardware:
- Position Controllers:
- Commercial System: TRC BiSight
- Special Features:
-
INRIA
Sophia Antipolis [France]
- Lenses: 45 degree f.o.v. fixed lens; 45-3 degree f.o.v. zoom
lens
- Cameras: CCD (449x579)
- Calibration: Viéville (1994), Zhang et al. (1993),
Zhang et al. (1995)
- Software:
- Vision Hardware:
- Position Controllers:
- Commercial System:
- Special Features: pan of one camera (with fixed lens); head
pan and tilt; the other (stationary) camera has lens with
controlable zoom and focus; inertial sensors
-
Instituto Superior
Técnico, Lisbon [Portugal]
- Lenses: 8mm fixed
- Cameras: monochrome
- Calibration:
- Software:
- Vision Hardware: Pentium PC
- Position Controllers: PC-based
- Commercial System:
- Special Features: head pan and tilt; manually adjustable
baseline and nodal point position
-
Instituto Tecnológico de
Aeronáutica / Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais [Brazil]
- Lenses: Fujinon H10x11E
- Cameras: Hitachi KP-M1 CCD cameras
- Calibration:
- Software:
- Vision Hardware: Pentium 166
- Position Controllers: Zebra HiPower
- Commercial System: HelpMate Robotics
- Special Features: head pan and tilt; motorized aperture,
focus, and zoom
-
Japan Science and Technology
Corporation [Japan]
- Lenses: ELMO TT2011, Panasonic GP-LM7TAP
- Cameras: Sony DXC-LS1, Panasonic GP-KS1000
- Calibration:
- Software:
- Vision Hardware: Fujitsu TRV-CU, Hitachi IP5005
- Position Controllers:
- Commercial System:
- Special Features: camera tilt, head pan and tilt; motorized
focus and aperture; each DOF of the eye is actuated
hydraulically in torque control mode; each eye consists of
two cameras, a wide-angle camera for peripheral vision and a
narrow-field-of-view camera for foveal vision
-
LIFIA-IMAG
[France]
- Lenses:
- Cameras:
- Calibration:
- Software:
- Vision Hardware:
- Position Controllers:
- Commercial System:
- Special Features: head mounted on a 6 dof robot
arm on a mobile platform; motorized focus and aperture
-
Massachusetts
Institute of Technology [USA]
- Lenses: Sanyo LC9943-LE08
- Cameras: Texas Instruments TC211 (192x165)
- Calibration:
- Software:
- Vision Hardware:
- Position Controllers:
- Commercial System:
- Special Features: head pan and tilt
-
Nanyang Technological
University
[Singapore]
- Lenses:
- Cameras:
- Calibration:
- Software:
- Vision Hardware:
- Position Controllers:
- Commercial System:
- Special Features:
-
NASA
[USA]
- Lenses:
- Cameras:
- Calibration:
- Software:
- Vision Hardware:
- Position Controllers:
- Commercial System: Teleos Research PRISM-3
- Special Features: symmetric vergence; head pan and tilt
-
National
Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) [USA]
Triclops
- Lenses: (15-24mm)
- Cameras:
- Calibration: Tsai
- Software:
- Vision Hardware: Aspex, Inc. (PIPE)
- Position Controllers:
- Commercial System:
- Special Features: trinocular (centered wide-fov (4mm) third
camera); head pan and tilt
TRC
- Lenses:
- Cameras:
- Calibration:
- Software:
- Vision Hardware:
- Position Controllers: Delta Tau PMAC
- Commercial System: TRC BiSight
- Special Features:
-
Osaka
University [Japan]
- Lenses: Canon J10X10R-II
- Cameras: Elmo EC-202II
- Calibration:
- Software:
- Vision Hardware: Fujitsu FIVIS/VIP
- Position Controllers:
- Commercial System: head pan and tilt unit (Mikami Co.)
- Special Features: motorized zoom, focus, and aperture
-
Osaka
University [Japan]
- Lenses:
- Cameras:
- Calibration:
- Software:
- Vision Hardware:
- Position Controllers:
- Commercial System:
- Special Features:
-
Royal Institute of
Technology
[Sweden]
- Lenses:
- Cameras:
- Calibration:
- Software:
- Vision Hardware: transputer network
- Position Controllers: transputer
- Commercial System:
- Special Features: independent camera tilt; motorized
compensation for shift of lens center yoked to focus and
zoom of lens; motorized baseline adjustment; head pan and
tilt; motorized zoom and focus
-
Ruhr
University Bochum [Germany]
- Lenses: zoom 12.5-75mm
- Cameras: CCD (800x600)
- Calibration:
- Software: OS9
- Vision Hardware: Sun network
- Position Controllers: M68010
- Commercial System:
- Special Features: independent camera tilt; cameras with auto
iris and electronic high-speed shutter; manually adjustable
baseline; mounted on mobile platform
-
Technion
[Israel]
- Lenses:
- Cameras:
- Calibration:
- Software:
- Vision Hardware:
- Position Controllers:
- Commercial System:
- Special Features:
-
Technical University Munich
[Germany]
- Lenses:
- Cameras: Sony XC-77E
- Calibration: Tsai
- Software:
- Vision Hardware:
- Position Controllers: SMC-629 Motor Controller
- Commercial System: 3-axis TRC Zebra Vergence/Pan/Tilt
- Special Features: head pan and tilt; controlled by an
RPC (remote procedure call) server under Linux OS
-
University of Barcelona
[Spain]
- Lenses:
- Cameras:
- Calibration:
- Software:
- Vision Hardware:
- Position Controllers:
- Commercial System:
- Special Features:
-
University
of Bielefeld [Germany]
- Lenses: Ernitec M8 Z10 Mk2 AP
- Cameras: JVC KY-F55 3-chip color CCD
- Calibration:
- Software: Imageflow, Sill
- Vision Hardware: Datacube MaxVideo 200 with DigiColor
- Position Controllers: Philips PG3637 stepper controller board
(cameras, neck); PEP Intelligent I/O Channel (lenses)
- Commercial System: copy of the AUC
camera head
- Special Features: head pan and tilt; motorized focus, zoom,
and aperture; all parameters controlled by a Sun workstation
via the VMEbus
-
University of
British Columbia [Canada]
- Lenses: Cosimicar (8.5mm)
- Cameras: SONY (XC-77RR)
- Calibration:
- Software:
- Vision Hardware: Datacube MaxVideo-200; transputer (T-800)
network
- Position Controllers:
- Commercial System: Zebra Robotics
- Special Features: head pan and tilt
-
University of
Coimbra [Portugal]
- Lenses: custom-made motorized zoom lenses (ISR)
- Cameras: Cohu 4990
- Calibration: Batista et al.
- Software:
- Vision Hardware: Transtech C40 and Pentium/PCI matrox RGB
framegrabber
- Position Controllers: Precision Microcontrol DCXAt100 and
DCXAt200 DC controllers
- Commercial System:
- Special Features: camera tilt; head pan, tilt, and roll;
cyclotorsion; motorized aperture and focus; very fast and
accurate motorized zoom lenses, custom-built in-house;
motorized variable baseline; motorized optical center
adjustment
-
University of Erlangen-Nürnberg [Germany]
- Lenses: Fujinon H10x11E-MPX31
- Cameras: Teli CS 5850-01P
- Calibration: Tsai
- Software: HIPPOS/PUMA (C++ Image Processing System)
- Vision Hardware: HP 735, SGI Onyx Unix workstations
- Position Controllers: Delta Tau PMAC
- Commercial System: 4-axis TRC BiSight
- Special Features: motorized zoom, focus, and aperture, head
pan and tilt
-
University
of Genova [Italy]
- Lenses:
- Cameras:
- Calibration:
- Software:
- Vision Hardware:
- Position Controllers:
- Commercial System:
- Special Features:
-
University of Genova [Italy]
- Lenses:
- Cameras:
- Calibration:
- Software:
- Vision Hardware:
- Position Controllers:
- Commercial System:
- Special Features:
-
University
of Illinois [USA]
- Lenses: Vicon (head 1:10-100; head 2: 17.5-105 mm)
- Cameras: Cohu 4810
- Calibration:
- Software:
- Vision Hardware: Datacube
- Position Controllers: Ealing Electro-optics
- Commercial System:
- Special Features: head mounted on mobile platform
-
University
of Karlsruhe [Germany]
- Lenses: Zoom 12.5-75mm (will be changed to 6-16mm)
- Cameras: Pulnix TM 9700 Digital Output
- Calibration: Direct Linear Transformation (DLT), Tsai's
calibration
- Software: OS9
- Vision Hardware: EUROCOM E7 (VME), Thin-edge and Vectex for
real-time edge extraction (ELTEC, Germany)
- Position Controllers: MC68040
- Commercial System:
- Special Features: head pan and tilt; motorized zoom and focus
-
University
of Kiel [Germany]
- Lenses: Fujinon H10x11E-MPX31
- Cameras: Sony XC77-RR
- Calibration:
- Software:
- Vision Hardware: Datacube MaxVideo 200
- Position Controllers: Delta Tau PMAC
- Commercial System: 4-axis TRC BiSight
- Special Features: motorized zoom, focus, and aperture, head
pan and tilt
-
University of Las Palmas de
Gran Canaria [Spain]
- Lenses: Fujinon H10x11E-MPX31
- Cameras: Sony CV-M1250
- Calibration: Tsai
- Software:
- Vision Hardware: TI TMS320C80
- Position Controllers: Delta Tau PMAC-PC
- Commercial System: 4-axis TRC BiSight
- Special Features: motorized zoom, focus, and aperture, head
pan and tilt
-
University of Louisville
[USA]
- Lenses: Fujinon H10x11E-X41
- Cameras: Hitachi KP-M1
- Calibration:
- Software:
- Vision Hardware: SGI Onyx
- Position Controllers:
- Commercial System:
- Special Features: trinocular head, motorized focus, zoom, and
aperture, head pan and tilt, variable baseline
-
University of Maryland [USA]
- Lenses: Fujinon H10x11E-MPX31
- Cameras: SONY XC77-RR
- Calibration:
- Software: Imageflow/VEIL
- Vision Hardware: DataCube MaxVideo 200
- Position Controllers: Delta Tau PMAC
- Commercial System: 4-axis TRC BiSight
- Special Features: motorized zoom, focus, and aperture, head
pan and tilt
-
University
of Massachussets [USA]
- Lenses: Fujinon H10x11E-MPX31
- Cameras: SONY XC77-RR
- Calibration: Hollinghurst and Cipolla
- Software: ImageFlow
- Vision Hardware: DataCube MV200
- Position Controllers: Delta Tau PMAC
- Commercial System: 4-axis TRC BiSight
- Special Features: motorized zoom, focus, and aperture, head
pan and tilt
-
University
of Oxford [UK]
Yorick 11-14
- Lenses: zoom lens f1.6, 5-75 degree f.o.v.
- Cameras:
- Calibration: McLauchlan and Murray
- Software:
- Vision Hardware: Datacube; GEC TMAX transputer boards
- Position Controllers: 2 T805 transputers
- Commercial System:
- Special Features: head pan and tilt; lenses with
auto iris, motorized zoom and focus; cameras with electronic
shutter
Yorick 5-5C
- Lenses: Cohu
- Special Features: miniature version of Yorick 11-14; can be
mounted on a robot arm
-
University
of Paderborn [Germany]
- Lenses: Sony LSV-100A
- Cameras: Sony EVI-311 PAL
- Calibration: Tsai; Trapp and Drüe
- Software:
- Vision Hardware:
- Position Controllers: Compumotor SX57-51, microstepping drive
- Commercial System:
- Special Features: head pan and tilt; motorized aperture,
focus, and zoom; 6 manual DOFs on each camera for adjustment
of optical axis and nodal point position
-
University
of Pennsylvania [USA]
- Lenses: Fujinon H10x11E-MPX31
- Cameras: SONY XC77-RR
- Calibration: Tsai, Willson
- Software: 3L Parallel C; Sinectoanalysis Eyelib library
- Vision Hardware: DSP-based (TMS320C40) framegrabber and convolver
boards
- Position Controllers: Delta Tau PMAC
- Commercial System: 2-axis TRC BiSight
- Special Features: motorized zoom, focus, and aperture;
mounted on a PUMA 560 robot arm
-
University
of Rochester [USA]
- Lenses:
- Cameras:
- Calibration:
- Software:
- Vision Hardware: Datacube MaxVideo
- Position Controllers:
- Commercial System: 2-axis TRC
- Special Features:
-
University
of Sheffield [UK]
- Lenses:
- Cameras:
- Calibration:
- Software:
- Vision Hardware:
- Position Controllers:
- Commercial System:
- Special Features:
-
University of
Strathclyde [UK]
- Lenses: Panasonic
- Cameras: Panasonic KS202
- Calibration:
- Software:
- Vision Hardware: VideoBlaster
- Position Controllers:
- Commercial System:
- Special Features: camera tilt, head pan and tilt
-
University of Surrey [UK]
- Lenses: motorized (zoom, focus and aperture)
- Cameras: color
- Calibration:
- Software:
- Vision Hardware: Datacube MaxVideo 200
- Position Controllers:
- Commercial System:
- Special Features: head pan and tilt
-
University
of Surrey [UK]
- Lenses: Panasonic
- Cameras: Panasonic microcameras
- Calibration: Tsai
- Software:
- Vision Hardware: Datacube
- Position Controllers: PC-based
- Commercial System:
- Special Features: camera tilt, head pan and tilt; motorized
zoom, focus, and aperture; light-weight, low-lag; open
controller architecture; can be mounted on a robot arm; three
different systems available
-
University of Tennessee [USA]
- Lenses:
- Cameras:
- Calibration:
- Software: VxWorks (running on Motorola 68030/40)
- Vision Hardware: Datacube MaxVideo 20(200)
- Position Controllers: stepper motors (position); DC motors
(optical)
- Commercial System:
- Special Features:
-
University
of Toronto
[Canada]
- Lenses:
- Cameras:
- Calibration:
- Software:
- Vision Hardware:
- Position Controllers:
- Commercial System:
- Special Features: color cameras; head pan and tilt;
camera torsion; mounted on a mobile platform with a robot
arm
-
University
of Utah [USA]
- Lenses:
- Cameras:
- Calibration:
- Software:
- Vision Hardware:
- Position Controllers:
- Commercial System: 2-axis TRC
- Special Features:
-
University of Western Australia [Australia]
- Lenses:
- Cameras:
- Calibration:
- Software:
- Vision Hardware:
- Position Controllers:
- Commercial System:
- Special Features:
-
Vanderbilt
University [USA]
- Lenses:
- Cameras:
- Calibration:
- Software:
- Vision Hardware: Androx imaging board
- Position Controllers:
- Commercial System:
- Special Features: trinocular system - independent
vergence of b/w cameras with a central color camera; head pan
and tilt; mounted on a HERO 2000 platform
-
York
University [Canada]
- Lenses:
- Cameras:
- Calibration:
- Software:
- Vision Hardware:
- Position Controllers:
- Commercial System:
- Special Features:
December 6, 1999